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Fertilizer Descriptions
Alfalfa Meal
A soil amendment that many believe invigorates the biological activity in the soil. Alfalfa is a protein feed for livestock and offers the same benefit to organisms in the soil. It contains ~17 percent crude protein, which translates into 2.75 percent nitrogen. Alfalfa meal also contains fiber and other substrates that feed populations of soil organisms. Application rates are usually ~10#/1000ft2.
Aragonite
A calcium carbonate mineral (like limestone) that comes from seashells, such as oyster shell. It is used in lieu of lime in situations where the soil is already high in magnesium, and where dolomite (high magnesium limestone) is the only liming material available. Aragonite has approximately 94-97 percent of the neutralizing value of CaCO3. Applications should be made in accordance with a soil test. Aragonite is also used to protect newly planted bulbs from damage caused by moles, mice, chipmunks, and squirrels. Aragonite is used as a soil conditioner and feed suppliment and is not registered as a fertilizer. Aragonite is also used as a feed ingredient for chickens. The coarse grade is preferred for layers and the finer grade is fed to broilers.

The aragonite is comprised of a variety of mollusks, gathered from the ocean floor, and contains no more than 15% oyster shell. The mollusks are pulverized by the ocean's waves, the debris settles on the ocean floor and then is harvested. Determining the exact percentage of oyster shell in aragonite is impossible.
A simple to use, natural mined mineral product. It requires no mixing or special equipment. it is odorless and won't restrict aeration or water penetration. Unlike some products, Azomite is not a manufactured, chemically prepared fertilizer. It is 100% natural with no additives or fillers.

Azomite trace mineral fertilizer is a complex of naturally occurring minerals which contains essential elements (micro-nutrients) for plant growth. Fertilization with Azomite adds some of the required mineral balance for the growth of common soil flora and fauna vital to overall productivity. Continuous plant propagation and the leaching effects of water may deplete essential minerals and micro-nutrients from soils. Azomite can improve soils that have been depleted of these important minerals and micronutrients. It can also supplement soil that are inherently deficient of these vital mineral concentrations.

Azomite is a natural source of trace elements for both animals and the soil. It is a hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate derived from a natural volcanic mineral deposit. Azomite is added to compost or other fertilizer material and spread at the rate of 300 to 600 pounds per acre and either lightly disked into the soil surface of applied in the row when planting. For gardens, spread ? to 2 pounds per 10 ft2 and spade into the soil. Use 1 teaspoon or 1 cup in watering can quarterly for house plants. In feed rations, 1-2 percent (do not exceed 2 percent) of the feed mixture and mix thoroughly with feed.

Azomite is packaged in 40-pound bags.
A dry, water-soluble plant growth bio-stimulant with beneficial (nitrogen fixing, hormone producing, and phosphorus dissolving) bacteria. Bio-Magic contains proven growth promoting substances, including humic extracts (humic acid), cold water sea kelp extract, essential amino acids, vitamins (B-complex and K), root growth factors, and sugars. Bio-Magic is used to promote growth and reduce stress in all types of plants.

BIO-MAGIC INGREDIENTS
Humic acid is the most biologically active component of soil humus. In soil, humic acids reduce leaching of essential plant nutrients by chelating (organically bonding) them in the root zone. They also serve as an important carbon based food source from microorganisms vital to soil dynamics, and have a buffering effect on soil pH shifts brought about by natural and artificial factors. In plants, humic acids affect the permeability of cell wall membranes in roots, allowing more rapid absorption of nutrients essential to plant health. They also have been shown to improve plant respiration, photosynthesis, and root growth.

Cold water sea kelp (Ascophylum nodosum) contains high levels of cytokinins, which are plant growth hormones normally synthesized in plant roots. Cytokinins are known to promote cell division and lateral bud development as well as delay the aging process of plant tissue. Under stress conditions (heat, drought, etc.), cytokinin production in plants is severely limited, so the application of seaweed containing cytokinins can stimulate new root and bud development.

Sucrose serves as an energy source for plants and soil microorganisms. B-complex and K vitamins are important catalysts to enzymes enhancing and driving plant growth metabolism.

Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins and are also essential for plant metabolism. Bio-Magic contains a complex of eighteen (18) amino acids.

Proprietary beneficial bacteria in Bio-Magic include a nitrogen-fixing bacillus that makes atmospheric nitrogen available to plants, a phosphorus-dissolving bacillus that increases the availability of insoluble phosphorus in the soil, and a growth hormone-producing bacillus that stimulates root growth.
Bio-Magic:
· Improves water and nutrient uptake;
· Promotes root re-growth after disease and insect damage;
· Reduces stress from heat, drought, and transplanting; and
· Stimulates beneficial microbial activity in the soil and on roots.

THE BIO-MAGIC ADVANTAGE
Bio-Magic is a complete bio-stimulant and beneficial bacteria package that can be:
· Used in root zone injection applications on established trees and shrubs to stimulate root growth and nutrient absorption, and aid in stress recovery;
· Applied to newly laid sod to enhance root regeneration and help knit down quickly;
· Used in hydro-seeding or any other seeding operation to get fast germination and establishment; and
· Applied to new plantings to reduce transplant shock.

NOTE: Once Bio-Magic is rehydrated, it cannot be stored for more than a few hours.

COVERAGE: One pound of Bio-Magic covers up to 32,000 ft2 or ? acre. For general use, mix one pre-measured scoop (enclosed in each jar) with one gallon of water. See also Tree Fertilizing with Liquids
Dried blood is an excellent source of quickly available organic nitrogen. It contains 13-14 percent total N and, because of its soluble nature, is broken down rapidly by soil organisms into an available nutrient. Blood Meal is ideal for heavy feeders such as lettuce or corn and can also help hasten the composting of highly carbonaceous material such as leaves or straw. Applications vary between 7 and 20#/1000ft2 depending on nitrogen need. It is best utilized when lightly incorporated into the surface of the soil. Unfortunately, this ingredient is as expensive as it is good. Dried blood is used extensively as a feed ingredient because of its very high protein content (approximately 80 percent crude protein). Unfortunately, this use makes it scarce and costly as a fertilizer. Competing with the feed market makes many sources of natural organic nitrogen expensive.
Considered the best natural source of phosphorus because, unlike Black Rock or Colloidal Rock Phosphate, it breaks down more rapidly by soil and microbial activity. Bone Meal also contains calcium and some trace minerals. It is an excellent supplement for lessening transplant shock and promoting healthy and extensive root systems. Bone Meal is available in two forms, precipitated and steamed. NOTE: Bone Meal is often labeled as a feed and the percentage of phosphorus (P) is shown instead of phosphate (P2O5). To convert phosphorus to phosphate, multiply by 2.29.

PRECIPITATED PREPARATION (Feed Grade)

Ground bones are dissolved in acid (type of acid unknown), then reacted with a solution of lime. Calcium from lime and phosphorous from bone bind and precipitate out. This is then extracted from the liquid and dried. Very fine particles result. The advantages are that this preparation contains 40 percent available phosphate and is less expensive. Its disadvantages are that it contains no nitrogen and is very dusty and difficult to work with.

STEAMED - PREPARATION (Not Feed Grade)

Bones are ground, then steam heated for approximately 1.5 hours at 260o F. This melts away most of the fats and tallow, causing some loss of nitrogen. Not all of the fat or tallow is melted so that the product remains a little oily, thus less dusty. The advantages of this preparation are that it is less dusty and easier to work with, and that it contains up to 5 percent nitrogen. The disadvantages are that there is only 11-13 percent available phosphate and it is much more expensive.
 Calcium 25
BEST STAGES FOR SPRAYING CALCIUM-25
Corn at 3-5 leaves
Wheat in the fall & early at tillering
Soybeans 2-4 trifoliates to bloom
Alfalfa at 3-6 inches of growth
Sorghum (Milo), Small Grains at 6-10 inches in height
Pasture, Grasses, when new growth appears, spring, midseason, and fall
Apples and Fruit Trees when fruit is 1/5 mature size, also midseason and fall to prevent disease and improve storage
Vegetables most at an early stage, 3-6 pairs of leaves, tomatoes and some other crops, as often as every 2-4 weeks
Cotton 6-10 leaves
Peanuts early bloom
Calcium Limestone Flour
A finely ground calcite lime that contains 38.6 percent calcium (54 percent calcium oxide, 96.5 percent calcium carbonate) and only 0.3 percent magnesium (0.6 percent magnesium oxide, 1.2 percent magnesium carbonate). 100 percent passes through a 60-mesh screen, 97 percent passes through a 100-mesh screen, and 79 percent passes through a 200-mesh screen.
Also known as Natural Nitrate of Soda (NNS), is a mined product from a desert in Northern Chile, which is the only known deposit of this mineral salt in the world. NNS has an analysis of 16-0-0 and is considered soluble. NNS is commonly used in New England and elsewhere on organic farms as a form of nitrogen that is available to plants in cold soils. The microbial activity needed to mineralize natural organic nitrogen (protein) is suppressed during those times of the year when the soil is cold.

The sodium (Na) content of sodic soils makes NNS incompatible in arid and semiarid regions. It contains 26 percent Na. Na, in small quantities, does not cause damage to the soil ecosystem. Plants can use this element, and it is an essential nutrient for most animals and other organisms. The nitrate is used directly by the plant and does not need to be biologically processed. However, microorganisms will also use this source of nitrogen for the production of protein and amino acids. Applying NNS along with an organic amendment (such as cocoa meal, peanut meal or compost) will increase the efficiency of both products. NNS should not be relied upon as a sole source of N.
Cocoa Meal
Contains ~3 percent nitrogen, ~4 percent total phosphate, and ~3 percent potash. Application rates are typically 200-250# per acre, due to caffeine content. Cocoa meal is better used as an ingredient in a fertilizer mixture than as straight amendment.
The ground meal from cottonseeds. Its analysis is 6-1-1. The nitrogen is almost 85 percent water insoluble. Cottonseed meal will acidify soil at a value of 9# CaCO3 (calcium carbonate or pure lime) per 100#. In other words, it takes 9# of lime to neutralize the acidity caused by 100# of Cottonseed Meal. See also Vegetable Protein Meals in the General Information Section. Cottonseed meal is a feed grade material.
The shells and offal from coastal water blue crabs. These crabs are harvested from Maine to Mexico. Crab Meal is a waste by-product of the crab meat industry. The crab remains are gathered, ground, and dried to stabilize decomposition. Crab Meal contains significant levels of a protein called chitin (pronounced ky'tin). This protein not only provides slow-release nitrogen, but also suppresses pest nematode activity. Crab Meal has a 5-2-0.5 analysis and also contains 15 percent calcium. Crab Meal is approved by the Organic Material Review Institute (OMRI) in their February 1999 edition, page 18 as a Sea Animal Waste Nematode Control and as a Sea Creatures Fertilizer.
Epsom Salt (MgSO4 o 7H2O)
Magnesium Sulfate, is used where magnesium deficiencies occur in already alkaline conditions. Epsom Salt contains 9.8 percent magnesium, 2.2 percent calcium, and 13 percent sulfur. In acidic soil that needs to have its pH raised, dolomite is a better source of Mg. Bulk density of Epsom Salt is 60.5 lbs./ft3 and the chemical formula is MgSO4 o 7H20. Epsom Salt is readily soluble in water.
Feather Meal
Like blood meal, assays to about 12 percent nitrogen, but it is derived from a very different form of protein Keratin, a protein that occurs in hair, hoofs, horns and feathers, is very indigestible when fed to animals as protein or introduced to the soil as fertilizer. The structure of keratin is very tight and not easily broken down by soil bacteria. This attribute makes feathers an excellent long-term source of nitrogen but not appropriate for the plant's immediate needs. Many companies provide preliminary hydrolysis (i.e. decomposition) of feathers by autoclaving, a process that cooks the feathers with steam and pressure. This step requires energy and raises the cost, while providing a disproportionate improvement in nitrogen availability. The microorganisms that seem to be most adept at degrading feathers are often found in the bird's manure. Therefore, a mixture of feathers and manure (from the same birds) will improve availability without increasing costs significantly. This practice would only be appropriate for farmers situated on or near feather producing operations. As processes are developed that make feathers a more available nitrogen source, the costs will continue to rise; not only from the expense of the process, but also because the product becomes more attractive to the feed market as a digestible source of protein.
Fish Meal
Fish meal has a typical analysis of 10-0-0 but is not as good as it looks. Again, competition from the feed industry makes fishmeal prohibitively expensive to use as a fertilizer. Odors from this product can cause real problems with animal pests, not to mention with hired help. The consistency of the meal is often too dusty to apply through conventional equipment. Fish emulsion or fish hydolysate, the soluble portion of the protein from fish waste, is often used in agriculture or horticulture but commonly only as a supplement in a soil fertility program. Actual soil improvement is rarely accomplished with strictly liquid feeding programs because very little organic matter is being applied. Odors are often a problem with the emulsion too. Some companies have successfully added odor masks or neutralizers such as citrus extract to mitigate the problem
Granite Meal
Rock powders from soft granite contains trace elements in a water insoluble, slow release form. It is used at general rate of 1000-4000# per acre. Granite forms naturally in many different chemical structures. It is suggested that powders from softer granite that is found in the southeastern United States will break down more easily than powders from granite found in the northeast. The granite meal we offer is a hybertite granite from North Carolina. Soils tend to be deficient in trace elements. Applications of Granite Meal replenish the trace mineral content in the soil.
This naturally occurring iron-potassium silicate (also called glauconite) has the consistency of sand but is able to absorb 10 times more moisture, making it an exceptional soil conditioner for pastures, forage fields, lawns, orchards, small fruits, vegetables and greenhouse potting mixes. Greensand contains potassium, iron, magnesium, calcium and phosphorus plus as many as 30 other trace minerals.

So-called from its only known place of origin, New Jersey, was deposited millions of years ago when the Garden State was still under water. It is mined primarily for water purification purposes but increasingly more and more people in agriculture and horticulture are requesting it for the soil.

Benefits from Greensand are for the most part unexplainable. If you brought some into an ag science lab and asked for an analysis, they would most likely tell you the product is worthless. However, numerous greenhouse trials show that there is a lot more to it than what you would read on a lab report. Organic growers have, for years, extolled the virtues of Greensand without really knowing how or why it has improved their crops.

One possible explanation is mineralization. Studies have shown that mineralizing soil can improve the taste, color, nutritional value and health of various plants as well as the overall health of the soil. Mineralization also improves soil life by increasing populations of certain bacteria that can slowly dissolve insoluble mineral nutrients. Those bacteria eventually cycle themselves into organic matter that further increases populations of many other varieties of beneficial microorganisms. Greensand has the consistency of sand with a density of approximately 90# per cubic foot (very heavy). It flows like sand and can be applied through any type of spreader, seeder or drill. It can hold one-third its weight in water and has the ability to open tight soils and bind loose soils.

Application rates vary depending on soil conditions and intended use. As a soil conditioner, applications of 25#/1000 ft2 (or 1000#/acre) are recommended. To correct potash deficient soils, anywhere from 20# to 100#/1000 ft2 (or 800# to 4000#/acre) would be applied, depending on the extent of the deficiency.

NOTE: Greensand is a slow release insoluble source of potash and trace elements. If there is an immediate need for available potash, it is suggested that Greensand Plus (a combination of Greensand and Natural Sulfate of Potash with 17 percent soluble potash) or Natural Sulfate of Potash (contains 52 percent soluble potash) be used.  (Back to List)

Greensand Plus is a mixture of Greensand and natural sulfate of potash that contains 17 percent soluble potash in combination with the soil conditioning and slow release minerals from Greensand. Greensand Plus is the perfect combination for soil that needs some available potash immediately. See each product for the individual benefits of both Greensand and Sulfate of Potash. Applications of Greensand Plus should be based on the results of a soil test. If the amount of potash needed (in pounds per acre or per 1000 ft2) is known, divide the amount of potash needed by 0.17. The answer will be the amount of Greensand Plus to apply.  (Back to List)

is a natural occurring calcium sulfate that can provide calcium to soils without affecting the pH. Gypsum is said to lighten compacted heavy soils. Gypsum can also be used in the barn gutter to preserve volatile nitrogen in manure. Recent studies suggest that applications of Gypsum on lawns may mitigate problems with turf pests such as grubs and chinch bugs. Gypsum contains 23 percent calcium, 19 percent sulfur, and trace amounts of potassium and magnesium. Gypsum is a feed grade material and can be used as a calcium supplement.
A source of naturally chelated trace elements that can increase the health of both the soil and the plants. Unfortunately, the product is very expensive to use as a soil amendment unless it is locally available (i.e. found on coastal shores) and can be easily dried and ground. The more practical method of utilizing kelpmeal is to use it as an animal feed supplement. This improves production from the animal and enriches the manure for use in compost or on crops. Recommended usage rates for animals are 2 - 2? percent of the feed ration or up to 5 percent of the feed ration where deficiencies may exist or livestock is under stress due to travel, disease, reproduction, or weaning. Use only 1 percent of the feed ration for poultry or young animals. For use on the soil, it is generally applied at the rate of 10# per 1000 ft2
Used as a pre-plant root dip to inoculate bareroot and containerized perennial plants with beneficial mycorrhizal fungi prior to field planting. It contains five superior species of endo- and ectomycorrhizal fungi that will colonize the roots of nearly all perennial plant species under a broad range of growing conditions. The mycorrhizal fungi in Myco-Magic root dip are mixed with Terra-Sorb™ super-absorbent gel to enhance drought tolerance, and natural yucca, seaweed, and humic extracts to promote fast root growth and establishment.
Mycorrhizal fungi are an essential part of all plant growth in natural environments. They provide a living link between the plant’s feeder root system and the surrounding soil ecology. Extensive field research has proven that the presence of beneficial mycorrhizae greatly improves the survival, growth rates, and disease resistance of seedlings compared to seedlings with few or no mycorrhizal relationships. This is particularly true for seedlings grown in stressed or degraded sites, urban environments, low quality reforestation sites, and arid or tropical regions.
PRODUCT BENEFITS
• Better survival and growth rates after field planting.
• Improved water and nutrient availability.
• Reduced risk of plant loss and damage due to heat and drought stress.
• Improved planting range and performance of difficult-to-grow plant species.
COMPATIBILITY
Species: Myco-Magic root dip can be used on all plant species except rhododendrons, azaleas, laurels, orchids, and blueberries. Myco-Magic will not damage these species but the mycorrhizae will not colonize on their root systems.
Soil pH: The fungi in Myco-Magic are chosen based on their ability to survive and colonize plant roots over a broad pH range.
Fungicides: Many fungicides can have a detrimental effect on mycorrhizae fungi. Soil applications of fungicides near plants treated with Myco-Magic should be avoided but, if unavoidable, allow two weeks before and after using of Myco-Magic.
Herbicides: Herbicides do not interfere with mycorrhizal fungi development but may inhibit growth of or cause stress to many plant species.
Insecticides: Insecticides do not interfere with mycorrhizal fungi development but may inhibit growth of or cause stress to many plant species.
USE: 3 ounces of Myco-Magic is combined with one half gallon of water and agitated for 3-5 minutes to make a gravy-like slurry. Before planting, seedlings are dipped into the liquid so that roots are coated with the material. Some soil surrounding the roots in potted plants should be gently removed or shaken off to expose roots to the inoculant. Transplanting should occur as soon after dipping as possible. If irrigation is not available, try to time field planting as soon after a rainfall as possible.
STORAGE/SHELF LIFE: Myco-Magic is stable in cool, dry storage conditions for up to 18 months, and possibly longer if refrigerated (do not freeze). Myco-Magic must not be exposed to direct sunlight. Once the product is mixed with water, it must be used within a 4-6 hour period. (Back to Fertilzer list)
A natural fertilizer that contains no phosphates. The environmental protection agencies in some States are campaigning against the use of phosphates in fertilizers to reduce the amount of runoff into streams and lakes. Excess phosphates in waterways can cause eutrophication. Natural phophates don’t pose much of a runoff problem but we have created this blend to show our support for the effort of these agencies. Natural No-Phos 6-0-6 is made from granite meal, aragonite, natural sulfate of potash, natural nitrate of soda, and feather meal. Four of the six percent nitrogen is water insoluble. Use 16-17 lbs. per 1000 ft2 for lawns, vegetables, flowers, trees, or shrubs. One 50-lb. bag covers 3000 ft2.
Natural Sulfate of Potash (K2SO4)
A natural potash mineral that contains 51 percent soluble potash and 18 percent sulfur. It also contains trace amounts of calcium and magnesium. Potassium is second only to nitrogen in terms of the abundance needed for plants. Many crops use as much as 250# of potash per acre per year. Sulfate of Potash can be applied as a supplement or blended with other natural materials that address your soil deficiencies. Application rates should be based on accurate soil test results. If you also need magnesium, see Sulfate of Potash, Magnesia. Sulfate of potash is mined and sun dried in the Great Salt Lake Desert in Utah.
Natural Sulfate of Potash, Magnesia (2MgSO4 o K2SO4)
Referred to as Sul-Po-Mag or K-Mag (these are brand names), is also a natural mineral salt and typically contains 22 percent potash, 11 percent magnesium and 23 percent sulfur. Like sulfate of potash, Sul-po-mag is soluble but is an acceptable material to use in the production of certified organic crops and the practice of organic land care.
A vegetable protein meal that contains ~8 percent total nitrogen, ~1 percent available phosphate, and ~2 percent soluble potash. ~1 percent of the total nitrogen is water-soluble.  (Back to List)
Phosphate Rock Greensand Mix is a mixture of 50 percent Greensand and 50 percent Phosphate Rock to provide a wide variety of minerals in a slowly available form. Plants, soil organisms, soil structure and grazing livestock all benefit from a diverse and ample supply of mineral in the soil. Application rates are ~25#/1000ft2.
Nitrogen is a major component of life. The hormones, enzymes and chlorophyll in growing plants are all composed with nitrogen. Protoplasm, the living substance of plant cells, is comprised of 40 to 50 percent nitrogen (on a dry matter basis). Plants require more nitrogen than any other soil-born nutrient. Unfortunately, unlike many other plant nutrients, nitrogen does not exist as a natural mineral in soil. Organic nitrogen from plant and animal wastes must be mineralized by soil microbes into nitrate (NO3) to be used by plants. The only known deposit of natural mineral nitrate on earth is in the Atacama Desert located in Northern Chile. It is mined for agricultural and horticultural use and is commonly known as Chilean Nitrate or Natural Nitrate of Soda.
Pro-Booster 10-0-0 is a combination of vegetable protein meals (such as alfalfa meal, cocoa meal, cotton seed meal, kelp meal, peanut meal, and soybean meal), animal protein meals (such as blood meal, crab meal, dried whey, feather meal, and fish meal), and natural nitrate of soda that contains 10 percent total nitrogen. Pro-Booster 10-0-0 is a fast acting fertilizer with one third of its nitrogen immediately available (water-soluble). The organic nitrogen in animal and vegetable protein meals is 90-95 percent water insoluble and complements the Pro-Booster 10-0-0 mix with its slow release attributes. Pro-Booster 10-0-0 can be side or topdressed wherever extra nitrogen is needed. NOTE: We suggest that you carefully consider your nitrogen needs. Over applying ANY kind of nitrogen can cause more harm than good.
FOR TURF: Pro-Booster 10-0-0 is an excellent spring or summer topdress for soils that predominately need nitrogen. With 3.5 percent soluble and 6.5 percent slow release nitrogen, Pro-Booster 10-0-0 can green-up quickly and provide a longer lasting source of N than conventional fertilizers. Use 10#/1000 ft2 on lawns. Split apply (2 applications of 5# each, 30 days apart) on sandy or well drained soils. Applications during hot, dry periods are not recommended unless irrigation can be provided after applying. Pro-Booster 10-0-0 is dust free and spreads easily through any type of rotary or drop spreader. It is especially suited for bluegrass lawns that have a greater need for nitrogen than other turf varieties.
FOR FIELD CROPS: Pro-Booster 10-0-0 is perfect for periods of the crop’s life where nitrogen is a must. Many times during the growing season heavy rains or cold soil conditions can deplete or slow down the release of organic nitrogen from the soil. Plants that lack the necessary amount of nitrogen can become stunted and lose some of their natural resistance to environmental stress conditions, resulting in significant crop losses. Pro-Booster 10-0-0 can provide valuable crops with necessary N at critical times, to avoid stress from less than adequate nutrition.
North Country Organics' premium general-purpose fertilizer that excels in every application. Pro-Gro 5-3-4 is a high nutrient blend of natural ingredients that plants and trees respond to with rapid and sustained growth, making it the most popular blend of nurserymen, landscapers, fruit and vegetable growers, and farmers.ON LAWNS: Our lawn maintenance customers experience spectacular results with as little as two applications per year. This spring and fall combination builds thick and invasive root systems and healthy soils which naturally crowd out many weeds, while cultivating beneficial microorganisms that can decompose thatch and control harmful insects and diseases. Pro-Gro 5-3-4 is the fertilizer of choice for the Vermont State House lawn and gardens and for ANY professional lawn care expert who has tried it. ON TREES: Nurserymen and orchardists have a hard time explaining why a relatively low analysis organic fertilizer grows their trees faster and healthier than anything they've ever used before. They have begun to accept the notion that when the soil is nourished adequately, plants respond with a natural health and vigor that out-paces conventional methods of feeding. Without exception, it is the fertilizer of choice for anyone who has tried it on young trees.


ON VEGETABLES AND SMALL FRUIT: Any growing plant produces better in healthy soils, no matter what kind or how much nutrient it is fed. Pro-Gro 5-3-4 pays attention primarily to the needs of the soil, providing the ideal conditions for productive crops. Ash tests suggest that organically fed food crops have a higher mineral content and lower nitrate content-making them more nutritious, better tasting, and giving them a better shelf life. Vegetables grown with Pro-Gro 5-3-4 are spoon fed the nutrient they need when they need it. Vegetable growers all around New England comment to us about the quality, color and yields they get from using Pro-Gro 5-3-4.


ON FARM FIELDS: Our farm customers have commented to us that after every year of using Pro-Gro 5-3-4 their fields look thicker and yield better than ever before. They also notice that their soil is darker, richer and alive with earthworms (and much more that they cannot see). Why, they ask, am I getting so much from a fertilizer with an analysis that is one third of what I used to use? The answer is that 5-3-4, 15-8-12 or 20-20-20 mean relatively little when you are feeding the soil. Those numbers refer to plant nutrients, not soil nutrients. When you feed the soil it responds with life in the form of microorganisms. A handful of healthy soil contains more microorganisms than there are people on earth, each of which has a function that provides immeasurable benefit to the farmer. The 5-3-4 on the label can't even hint at the beneficial chain reaction that occurs when you begin to work with Mother Nature as opposed to against her.


ON LANDSCAPE APPLICATIONS: Although Pro-Gro 5-3-4 is normally recommended for landscape maintenance, many of our landscape customers use it for installations as well. Its slow release, non-burning formula increases the quality of the job long after the landscaper has left the site. For maintenance contracts, Pro-Gro 5-3-4 is unmatched in its ability to push lush green growth on trees, shrubs and lawns. Perennial and annual flowers grow stronger and with more blossoms with Pro-Gro 5-3-4. Because so many landscapers are using Pro-Gro 5-3-4, Pro-Booster 10-0-0, and Pro-Start 2-3-3 fertilizers, that category of customer is our largest. Whether it is used in gardens, lawns, orchards, nurseries or fields, Pro-Gro 5-3-4 improves the yield and quality of anything that grows.
A natural fertilizer blended from mineral and organic ingredients specifically made for ericaceous and other acid loving plants, such as:
Azaleas, Blueberries, Chrysanthemums, Ferns, Gardenias, Rhododendrons, Heaths Heathers, Huckleberries, Hydrangeas, Marigolds, Mountain Laurels, Oak trees, Pachysandras, Lupine, Flax, Raspberries, Yews.
Acid-loving plants don’t really love acid, but they need certain nutrients that become more available in soils with a lower pH (acidic soil). These nutrients include iron, manganese, and sulfur. Many of these plants respond to base nutrients such as calcium, magnesium, and sodium with stunted growth, discoloration and stress related problems. Soils with a near neutral to alkaline pH generally contain more of these base nutrients. Another misconception many people have about acid-loving plants is that they grow well in a poor soil. An acidic soil is not necessarily one that is in poor condition. It can be an environment that is rich in organic matter and soil nutrients. Acid-loving plants, like most other plants, prefer more healthy soil conditions. Ample levels of organic matter increase the water holding capacity of the soil and provide a habitat for larger populations of microorganisms, which, in turn, increase the soil’s nutrient exchange activity. Applications of Pro-Holly 4-6-4 provide nutrients not only for plants but also for a multitude of beneficial organisms living in the soil.
Pro-Holly 4-6-4 is specially formulated to meet the nutrient needs of plants that require more acidic conditions. The natural ingredients provide not only the major and minor nutrients required by acid-loving plants, but also act to maintain the proper pH in the soil.
Hardy growth, rich leaf color, and beautiful blossoms depend on the nutrients provided by Pro-Holly 4-6-4. Applications made in the spring help the plants form strong branches, greater leaf surface area for better photosynthesis, and more buds that eventually develop into healthy blossoms and foliage. Fall applications help the plant to produce greater root systems and to harden off for better winter survival. Much of the slow release natural nutrients in Pro-Holly 4-6-4 applied in the fall will remain over winter and become available in the early spring when plants first wake up. he root systems of most perennial plants are more active in the fall after the plant has had all season to photosynthesize carbohydrates and other organic nutrients. During this period roots find and absorb available soil nutrients easily. A fall application of Pro-Holly 4-6-4 is most appropriate to promote winter hardiness and store mineral nutrient for spring. In the spring when the foliage begins to grow Pro-Holly 4-6-4 provides essential nutrients that help plants produce more leaf surface area for increased photosynthesis. This combination is most effective for vigorous growth; however, if only one application per year is practical, fall is preferred.
Applications of 1 pound of Pro-Holly 4-6-4 per two feet of crown diameter spread under the drip line of the plant in the fall and again in the spring are recommended. The feeder roots are close to the surface of the ground and spread from under the plant’s branches to well outside the dripline. Pro-Holly 4-6-4 should be broadcast in this area around the entire plant if possible. The fertilizer can be applied over mulch layers but the plant will respond faster if the mulch is removed and replaced after the fertilizer has been applied.
Pro-Holly 4-6-4 is formulated from the following list of ingredients: Dried Whey Elemental sulfur, Wood humates, Natural sulfate of potash, Natural Nitrate of soda Agricultural slag
Compost.
Originally designed as a winterizing blend for lawns and grass hay fields. However, over the years it has proved to be an excellent choice for root crops, legume vegetables, perennials, flowering shrubs, mature fruit trees, legume hays (as a summer topdress), and especially as a starter fertilizer for any kind of seed. Many of our landscape customers use Pro-Start 2-3-3 exclusively for all of their new installations.


ON LAWNS: As a winterizer, Pro-Start 2-3-3 builds a thick and invasive root system filled with nutrient to last the winter and come up healthy and lush in the spring. A greater root system in lawns creates more than just a thicker sod that naturally has a competitive edge over weeds. It also increases the lawn's feeding efficiency and the percent of organic matter in the soil. As the efficiency of nutrient use increases, the need for fertilizer decreases. As the organic matter increases, so does the nutrient and water holding capacity of the soil, along with a significant increase in biological activity. When populations of microorganisms are enhanced (the vast majority being beneficial) their activities create an endless list of benefits, including:

· Nitrogen fixation;

· Mobilization of normally unavailable nutrients;

· The dissolving of normally insoluble nutrients;

· Aeration of the soil; and

· Insect and disease control.

Pro-Start 2-3-3 is the fall lawn fertilizer of choice by ALL professionals who have tried it.

ON VEGETABLES: Pro-Start 2-3-3 is especially suited for root crops such as potatoes and carrots, and legumes like peas and beans. It boosts the size and quantity of root vegetables just as it enhances the root systems in lawns. Legumes that fix their own nitrogen respond to Pro-Start 2-3-3 with strong stalks and increased flowering for excellent production and quality. Commercial growers from all over New England have raved about Pro-Start's ability to produce peas, potatoes, carrots, beets, beans and onions. Recently, it has been pointed out to us that eggplants, tomatoes, peppers and other crops that blossom are also very responsive to Pro-Start 2-3-3. Clearly it is the only choice for the serious commercial grower.
ON PERENNIALS: Professional perennial growers are equally divided on which of our two blends, Pro-Gro 5-3-4 or Pro-Start 2-3-3, is better for their flowers. There really is no sure way to tell, but tests in our perennial plots lean slightly toward Pro-Start 2-3-3 as the better choice. Although we would never try to persuade anyone who is happy with Pro-Gro 5-3-4 to switch, we seemed to get a greater number of blossoms and slightly shorter, stronger stalks with Pro-Start 2-3-3. Either one is a wise choice for perennial production.

ON LANDSCAPE APPLICATIONS: Some of our landscape customers insist that Pro-Start 2-3-3 is the only way to go for new installations. Its ability to enhance root systems in any kind of plant lowers mortality rate and shortens that transition period when plants are so susceptible to stress.

Pro-Start 2-3-3 is the landscaper's forgotten friend. After the installation is done, it nurtures the plant into quick recovery from transplant shock and adaptation into its new environment. Then its slow release feature continues to enhance the plants' health and vitality, adding more credit for quality work long after the landscaper has left the job. Its non-burning formula puts managers at ease at times when they are unable to supervise inexperienced help. Landscapers who use Pro-Start 2-3-3 for new plantings are the first to proclaim that it's the only logical choice.
ON ORNAMENTAL AND MATURE FRUIT TREES: Because most blossoming trees create their sets the year before they flower, it is important to use a natural slow release source of all the essential nutrients. If too much plant food is available at any one time, the tree will direct its energy toward new wood growth and thick foliage, significantly reducing the number of flower sets. The big advantage to using Pro-Start 2-3-3 is that its primary purpose is to feed the soil and let nature make the necessary nutrient available at the appropriate time and rate. Because of extremely variable weather and soil conditions, which no one is able to predict, conventional fertilization can never completely address the trees' needs. Pro-Start 2-3-3 relinquishes control of how and when to release nutrient to nature. The timing and rate of release then vary naturally according to the changing conditions. Its the only bloomin' way to go.

ON NEW SEEDINGS AND TRANSPLANTS: Starting plants is this product's namesake. There is no substitute for Pro-Start 2-3-3 when it comes to starting seeds or young transplants. Whether it is fruit, vegetables, flowers, perennials, forage or nursery stock, no other fertilizer can compare to the gentle, natural way Pro-Start 2-3-3 persuades a plant to grow.
Pro-Start 2-3-3 is recommended over Pro-Gro 5-3-4 for incorporation into potting soil. For mixing with potting soil, thoroughly mix 17.75oz /ft3 of potting soil or 30#/yd3 (a cubic yard weighs ~1,000# when moistened).
Soft Rock Phosphate or Colloidal Rock Phosphate
Contains 18 percent total phosphate (2 percent available), 19 percent calcium (27 percent CaO) and 18 trace minerals essential for maximum growth. SRP is a soft, natural colloidal clay formation which, like Phosphate Rock, gives up its nutrient slowly enough to last for years without leaching or fixing; unlike the other phosphates, however, it contains colloidal clay that can bind sandy soils and add to its nutrient holding capacity. Applications range from 500#–2000# per acre depending on soil conditions.
Tobacco Dust
Naturally controls many common insect pests on ornamentals, fruits, vegetables, and grass. Tobacco Dust also repels dogs, cats, and rabbits. Tobacco Dust is appropriate for use on plants being grown for sale or other commercial use, or for commercial seed production, or for research purposes. For use on plants intended for aesthetic purposes or climatic modification and being grown in interior plantscapes, ornamental gardens or parks, or on golf courses or lawns and grounds.
PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTSHAZARDS TO HUMANS AND DOMESTIC ANIMALS
Harmful if swallowed, inhaled, or absorbed through skin. May cause irritation of eyes, nose, throat, and skin. Avoid contact with eyes or skin. Avoid breathing dust. Wash thoroughly with soap and water after handling. Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse.
STATEMENT OF PRACTICAL TREATMENT
If on Skin: Wash with plenty of soap and water.
If in Eyes: Flush eyes with water for fifteen minutes and get medical attention.
If inhaled: Remove victim to fresh air. Seek medical attention if respiratory irritation occurs or if breathing becomes difficult.
ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
This pesticide is toxic to fish and wildlife. Birds feeding on treated areas may be killed. Do not discharge effluent containing this product into lakes, streams, ponds, estuaries, oceans, or public waters unless this product is specifically identified and addressed in an NPDES permit. Do not discharge effluent containing this product to sewer systems without previously notifying the sewage treatment plant authority; for guidance contact your State Water Board or regional office of the EPA. Do not apply when weather conditions favor drift from areas treated. Do not apply directly to water. Do not apply where runoff is likely to occur. Do not clean equipment or dispose of equipment washwaters in a manner that will contaminate water resources. Apply this product only as specified on this label.
EPA Reg. No. 4-340
Storage: Store in a cool, dry place which is inaccessible to children or pets.
Disposal: Wrap empty container and place in trash.
Recommendations for use of this product are based upon tests believed to be reliable. The buyer must assume responsibility for use of this product when not used in strict accordance with label directions or established safe practice, or when used under abnormal conditions not reasonably foreseeable to the seller.
FOAMATION™ is the concentrated natural extract of the Mohave Yucca Plant
(Yucca schidigera).
Moisture 49.75% Fiber 0.30%
Protein 0.80% Ash (Mineral Matter) 2.50%
Fat 0.60% Carbohydrates 45.95%

*Note: Natural extracts vary in content throughout the year, however, specific batch analysis available upon request.
Pourable liquid Bittersweet
47.5 Brix ± 0.5 @ 20 º C 10 lbs. per gallon Absorbance of a 10% w/w solution at 520 nm
Foamation? R: 0.71 - 1.0
™ Foamation™ C: 0.50 - 0.7
Foamation™ P: 0.49 0.1% Sodium Benzoate
3.9 ± 0.2
Yeast: Mold: Aerobic Plate Count: max.
Less than 10 CFU/g. Less than 10 CFU/g. Less than 100 CFU/g.
Packed in 5 and 55 gallon plastic drums with a guaranteed shelf life of two years when stored at 5 - 25º C
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